MEDIEVAL AMPULLA

1300

An incomplete Medieval cast lead pilgrim ampulla (c. 1300-c. 1500). The neck, rim and side loops are missing.Most of the main body survives which has a semi-circular bottom. In plan, the body tapers inwards to a ragged break at the top.Both faces are concave and have a raised design. One face has a crown and the other face has a flower head. Around the peripheral edge of the body there is a casting seam. This ampulla is in poor condition and has a buff patina. Some of this patina has flaked off. The break is old.Height: 27.1mm; width: 27.6mm. thickness: 5.4mm. Weight: 17.38g. (the weight may include soil within).Brian Spencer, formerly Senior Keeper at the Museum of London, who made a life-time study of ampullae, has written: 'Ampullae or miniature phials were an important kind of souvenir. Generally flask-shaped, but with a narrow, flattish section, they were designed to contain a dose of the thaumaturgic water that was dispensed to pilgrims at many shrines and holy wells. Ampullae were made of tin or lead or tin-lead alloy and were provided with a pair of handles or loops so that they could be suspended from a cord or chain around the wearer's neck. Coming into use in the last quarter of the twelfth century, they were, in England, almost the only kind of pilgrim souvenir to be had during the thirteenth century. They were nevertheless available at a number of shrines, and thanks to returning pilgrims or to local entrepreneurs, probably featured as secondary relics in virtually every thirteenth-century English parish church. Until the early fourteenth century, ampullae took various forms, were frequently inscribed and usually bore representations of the cult-figure or relic that they were intended to commemorate......Ampullae could be comfortably kept on the person or easily hung up in the home, or suspended , for the benefit of livestock, in the stable or cow shed or on the beehive. Ampullae were often donated to the neighbourhood, to be hung in the parish church. Almost as a matter of course, churches throughout thirteenth-century England secured possession of Canterbury ampullae containing what was perhaps the most famous of all elixirs, the water of St Thomas, tinged with the martyr's miracle-working blood' (Spencer, B. 1990, 57-58).