Portrait of William I, King of the Netherlands
Rijksmuseum

Portrait of William I, King of the Netherlands

1819

CC0 — Public Domain
Rijksmuseum

In 1812 Napoleon suffered a series of major defeats which allowed William Frederick, Prince of Orange-Nassau, to return to the Netherlands as monarch in 1813. A month after Napoleon’s escape from Elba, he proclaimed himself King of the United Netherlands (now the Netherlands and Belgium) and Duke of Luxemburg. After the Battle of Waterloo he was inaugurated in 1815 as King William I.

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