National Museum of American History
Hope’s Apparatus
Unknown artist
Thomas Charles Hope (1766-1844) was a Scottish physician and chemist who designed an apparatus to show the expansion of water at different temperatures, and that fact that water reaches its maximum density at 4°C (or 30°F). This example of that apparatus has a glass body with brass caps. The thermometer (which may not be original) is inscribed “Jas. Green, New York."
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