Portrait of Sea Captain John Murphy

Joshua Johnson, born Baltimore County, MD ca.1763-died Anne Arundel County, MD ca. 1825 · ca. 1810

Joshua Johnson, a self-trained artist and former slave, is the earliest documented professional African American painter. His sitters were Captain John Murphy and his wife, Irish immigrants who lived in Baltimore, where Johnson painted many merchants, seamen, and their families. In these portraits--intended to hang side-by-side--the artist delighted in fine details, from the captain's artfully arranged curls to his wife's sheer lace collar.